Ama-casing heads ayizingxenye ezingenakushiywa ku-wellhead assembly yanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wokuphuma kuka-oyela negesi, asebenza njengendawo yokuxhumana eyinhloko phakathi kwe-wellbore nemishini yangaphezulu. Lezi zinto zokuxhuma eziqinile zihlinzeka ngokusekelwa kwesakhiwo okubalulekile kuchungechunge lwe-casing ngenkathi zivumela ukuvalwa okuvikelekile nokugcinwa kwengcindezi phakathi nezigaba zokumba nokukhiqiza. Izinhlelo zanamuhla zama-wellhead zithembele kakhulu kuma-casing heads ekhwalithi ephezulu ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho bokusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zangaphansi komhlaba, lapho amazinga okushisa angadlula khona u-200 degrees Celsius futhi izingcindezi zingafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni ezingamashumi ezama-pound nge-intshi yesikwele. Njengoba imisebenzi yokuhlola ihamba iya emachibini ajulile nasezindaweni eziyinselele kakhulu, isidingo sama-casing heads athembekile futhi ahlala isikhathi eside sikhule kakhulu kulo lonke umkhakha wemishini ka-oyela emhlabeni wonke. Ukuqonda ukwakheka, umsebenzi, kanye nemigomo yokukhetha yalezi zingxenye kubalulekile kubasebenzisi abafuna ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komthombo kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokungasebenzi esibizayo.

Ikhanda le-casing iyisisetshenziswa esingumshini esifakwa phezulu kolayini we-casing womthombo esihlinzeka ngokulengiswa kanye nemisebenzi yokuvimbela umoya ku-casing column ngesikhathi sokusebenza kuka-oyela negesi. Ngokuvamile iqukethe umzimba wendlu, isilengisi se-casing, kanye nezinto zokuvimbela ezisebenza ndawonye ukusekela isisindo se-casing ngenkathi zivimbela ukuhamba koketshezi phakathi kwe-annulus nendawo ezungezile. Inqubo yokufaka ikhanda le-casing yenziwa ezigabeni zokuqala zokwakhiwa komthombo, ngokushesha ngemva kokuba ulayini we-casing ugxilisiwe endaweni, futhi isebenza njengesisekelo semishini yomthombo elandelayo efana namakhanda amashubhu kanye nezihlahla zika-Christmas. Imiklamo ehlukene yemithombo kanye nezidingo zokusebenza zidinga ukucushwa okuthile kwekhanda le-casing, okuhlanganisa izilengisi zohlobo lwe-slip kanye ne-mandrel, ngayinye inikeza izinzuzo ezihlukile mayelana nomthamo womthwalo kanye nokusebenza kokuvimbela. Ukukhethwa kwekhanda le-casing elifanele kuhilela ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kwemingcele efana nosayizi we-casing, isisindo, izinga, izingcindezi ezilindelekile, kanye nokuba khona koketshezi olugqwalayo, konke lokhu okunomthelela ezicacisweni zokugcina zomklamo. Izindinganiso zemboni ezifana ne-API 6A zinikeza imihlahlandlela ephelele yomklamo, ukuhlolwa, kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwamakhanda e-casing, iqinisekisa ukuthi lezi zingxenye zihlangabezana nezidingo eziqinile zokuphepha nokusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlelo ezahlukene.

Ama-casing heads adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni ubuqotho bomthombo phakathi nayo yonke impilo yomthombo kawoyela noma kagesi, kusukela ekubhobeni kokuqala kuze kufike ekulahlweni kokugcina. Lezi zingxenye zibophezelekile ukubopha i-casing string ngokuphephile esakhiweni se-wellhead, ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukunyakaza okuqondile okungase kuphazamise ukubopha kukasimende noma kulimaze imishini engaphansi komhlaba. Ngaphezu kokusekelwa kwemishini, ama-casing heads ahlanganisa izindlela eziningi zokuvimbela ukuvuza ezihlukanisa i-annulus endaweni ezungezile, ngaleyo ndlela kuvinjelwe ukukhululwa koketshezi okungalawulwa okungaholela ekuqhumeni okubhubhisayo noma ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe bokuvimbela ema-casing heads anamuhla kuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi baqaphe ingcindezi ye-annulus ngesikhathi sangempela futhi bathole noma yikuphi okungajwayelekile okungase kubonise izinkinga ezizayo zokulawula umthombo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-casing heads asebenza njengendawo yokushintsha phakathi kobubanzi obuhlukahlukene bama-casing strings, okuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi basebenzise ama-concentric strings osayizi abahlukene ngenkathi begcina umgoqo ovimbela ingcindezi kuxhumano ngalunye. Ukuthembeka kwama-casing heads kuthinta ngqo ukuphepha okuphelele kanye nenzuzo yemisebenzi yokubhoba, ngokwehluleka okukodwa okungase kubangele izindleko zokulungisa ezingamamiliyoni amadola kanye nezijeziso ezibalulekile zokulawula.

Ukubaluleka kwamakhanda e-casing kudlula ukugcinwa kwengcindezi okuyisisekelo ukuze kufake ukuguquguquka kokusebenza nokuthuthukiswa kokukhiqiza ezakhiweni zemithombo eyinkimbinkimbi. Emithonjeni enengcindezi ephezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu (HPHT), amakhanda e-casing kufanele amelele izimo ezedlulele ngenkathi egcina ubuqotho bokuvimbela phakathi namashumi eminyaka ompilo yokusebenza, okudinga ubunjiniyela bezinto eziphakeme kanye nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ezinakekelayo. Amakhanda e-casing futhi enza kube lula ukufakwa kwama-valve okuphepha angaphansi komhlaba kanye namanye amadivayisi okulawula ukugeleza abalulekile ekulawuleni ukuziphatha kwesiziba nokwandisa amazinga okubuyiselwa kwe-hydrocarbon. Imithombo evundlile kanye nemisebenzi yokuqhekeka kwezigaba eziningi kubeka imithwalo eyengeziwe yemishini kumakhanda e-casing, kuhlanganise izehlakalo zengcindezi ezijikelezayo kanye nemiphumela yokwanda kokushisa edinga imingcele eqinile yokuklama kanye nokwakhiwa okumelana nokukhathala. Abasebenzisi ababeka phambili izinga lamakhanda e-casing kanye nezinqubo zokufaka ezifanele babika izehlakalo ezimbalwa zobuqotho bomthombo, izindleko eziphansi zokunakekela, kanye nempilo yensimu enwetshiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abaphatha lezi zingxenye njengezinto zokuthengisa. Ukubaluleka kwamasu kwamakhanda e-casing emisebenzini yesimanje kawoyela negesi akunakudlulwa, njengoba amelela isixhumanisi esibalulekile phakathi kwesiziba esingaphansi komhlaba kanye nengqalasizinda yokukhiqiza engaphezulu.

I-Jianhu Fulida Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. ithuthukise uhla oluphelele lwamakhanda e-casing afaka izici zobunjiniyela ezithuthukile ezihlanganiswa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqinile zemisebenzi yesimanje kawoyela negesi. Amakhanda ethu e-casing enziwe ngezinsimbi eziqinile ze-alloy ezibhekwa ngokuqinile ekulawulweni kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kanye nezinqubo zokushisa ukuze kutholakale izici eziphezulu zomshini, okuhlanganisa namandla okunwebeka angaphezu kuka-75,000 psi kanye namazinga okuqina kokushaywa afanele izimo zokusebenza ezibandayo. Idizayini ngayinye yekhanda le-casing inezindawo zokuvikela ezisetshenzwa ngokunemba ezihlinzeka ngezinto zokuvikela zensimbi-kuya-ensimbi kanye ne-elastomeric, okuhlinzeka ngezithiyo ezengeziwe ezimelene nokuhamba koketshezi kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ngisho nangaphambi kokuba kube ne-hydrogen sulfide noma i-carbon dioxide. Ama-casing hanger asetshenziswa emikhiqizweni yethu atholakala ngezinhlobo ezimbili ze-slip type kanye ne-mandrel type, anamandla okuthwala asukela kumathani angu-200 kuya ngaphezu kuka-1,000 ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezintambo ze-casing ezinesisindo nokujula okuhlukahlukene. Wonke amakhanda e-casing e-Jianhu Fulida aklanywe ngokuhambisana namazinga e-API 6A kanye ne-API 17D, ngokuhlaziywa okuphelele kwe-finite element analysis okwenziwa ngesikhathi sesigaba sokuklama ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho besakhiwo ngaphansi kwezimo zokulayisha ezimbi kakhulu. Isixhumanisi sangaphakathi ku-Imikhiqizo leli khasi linikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe yezobuchwepheshe mayelana nohlu oluphelele lwamadodela ekhanda le-casing kanye nezicaciso ezitholakalayo kwezinhlelo ezahlukene zemithombo.

Inqubo yokukhetha izinto e-Jianhu Fulida iqala ngokuhlola okuphelele kwendawo yokusebenza okuhloswe ngayo, kuhlanganise nebanga lokushisa, iphrofayili yengcindezi, ukwakheka koketshezi, kanye nezimo zomthwalo ezilindelekile ikhanda le-casing elizohlangabezana nazo phakathi nokuphila kwalo kokusebenza. Isikhungo sethu sokukhiqiza sihlome ngezikhungo zokucubungula ngekhompyutha (CNC) ezikwazi ukufinyelela emazingeni okunemba afinyelela ku-0.01 millimeters ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile zokuvimbela ukuvuza, okuqinisekisa izinga elingaguquki lomkhiqizo kuyo yonke iyunithi ekhiqizwayo. Zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa zihlolwa nge-spectroscopic analysis kanye nokuhlolwa kwemishini ngaphambi kokungena ohlelweni lokukhiqiza, kugcinwa ukulandeleka okuphelele kusukela esikhungweni sokuqala sensimbi kuze kufike kumkhiqizo ophelile. Ukuhlolwa kwangemva kokukhiqiza kuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa nge-ultrasonic, ukuhlolwa kwezinhlayiya zikazibuthe, kanye nokuhlolwa kwengcindezi ye-hydrostatic ngo-1.5 izikhathi ingcindezi yokusebenza elinganiselwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubuqotho bawo wonke amalunga okushisela kanye nendawo yokuhlangana yokuvimbela ukuvuza. Ukuzinikela kwenkampani ezingeni lokuhle kuqiniswa isitifiketi se-ISO 9001 kanye nokuhambisana ne-API Q1, kwenziwa ucwaningo olujwayelekile yizinhlangano ezizimele zokuqinisekisa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubambelela okuqhubekayo ezindinganisweni zamazwe ngamazwe. Ithimba lethu locwaningo nentuthuko elizinikele lihlala lihlola izinto ezithuthukile kanye nobuchwepheshe bokumboza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokugqwala kanye nezici zokuguga zamakhanda ethu e-casing, kwandiswe isikhathi sokusebenza ezindaweni ezinzima zangaphansi komhlaba.

Ukuqaphela ukuthi awekho amaqula amabili afanayo, i-Jianhu Fulida inikeza izinketho eziningi zokwenza ngokwezifiso zamakhanda e-casing ukuze kubhekwane nezidingo ezihlukile zokusebenza kanye nezinselele eziqondene nesizinda ezibhekana nazo amaklayenti ethu. Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lisebenzisana eduze namakhasimende ukuguqula osayizi bemigodi, ukuhlelwa kwama-flange, nezinhlobo zokuxhumana ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanganiswa okungenasici nemishini yekhanda lomthombo ekhona kanye nengqalasizinda engaphansi. Amabanga ezinto ezikhethekile afana ne-duplex stainless steel, i-Inconel, ne-Monel ayatholakala ekuphatheni okubandakanya izimo zokugqwala ezinzima noma ukugxila okuphezulu kwamagesi ane-asidi okungabangela ukonakala ngokushesha kwamabanga ajwayelekile ensimbi. Ukuhlelwa okwezifiso kwamakhanda e-casing kungafaka ama-outlet engeziwe okuhlola i-annulus, ukujova ngamakhemikhali, noma amasistimu okunciphisa ingcindezi, okunikeza abasebenzi umsebenzi othuthukisiwe ngaphandle kokulimaza ubuqotho besakhiwo. TheUkusekelaisigaba sekhasi lethu lewebhusayithi sichaza inqubo yokwenza ngokwezifiso futhi sinikeza imininingwane yokuxhumana ukuze kube nezingxoxo zobuchwepheshe nonjiniyela bethu bezinhlelo zokusebenza. Yonke i-casing head eyenziwe ngokwezifiso idlula ezinqubweni eziqinile zokuqinisekisa izinga ezifanayo njengemikhiqizo yethu ejwayelekile, futhi kunikezwa imibhalo ephelele eqinisekisa ukuhambisana namakhodi asebenzayo kanye nezicaciso zamakhasimende.

Ama-casing head akhiqizwe yi-Jianhu Fulida anikeza izinzuzo eziningana ezihlukile ezihumushela ekusebenzeni okulinganisekayo kubasebenzi bakawoyela negesi emhlabeni wonke. Enye yezinzuzo eziyinhloko ukuthembeka okukhethekile kokuvala okutholakala ngesakhiwo sethu sokuvala esiyisipesheli, esihlanganisa izakhi ze-elastomeric eziyisisekelo nezesibili kanye nokuvala kwensimbi-kuya-ensimbi okuyisipele okuzisebenza ngokuzenzakalela uma ukuvala okuyisisekelo kwehla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Le ndlela yezithiyo eziningi inciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokwanda kwengcindezi ye-annulus nokuvuza kwendawo, okuyizona zizathu ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka kobuqotho bemthombo emikhakheni egugile. Ama-casing head ethu futhi aklanywe ngobude obuncishisiwe kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemiklamo evamile, okunikeza indawo enkulu yezinsiza ze-wellhead futhi kwenza kube lula ukufaka ezindaweni ezinomkhawulo wendawo noma ezindaweni zama-rig zasolwandle. Ukonga kwesisindo okutholakala ngomklamo ohlelekile wokwakheka kuhumushela ngqo ezindlekweni zokuthutha ezincishisiwe kanye nokuphatha okulula ngesikhathi semisebenzi yokulungisa, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude lapho umthamo we-crane ungase ube nomkhawulo. Idatha yasensimini eqoqwe ezifakweni eziningi emazwenikeni ahlukene ibonisa ukuthi ama-casing head e-Jianhu Fulida ahlinzeka ngezikhathi ezinde zesevisi phakathi kwezehlakalo zokunakekela, namayunithi amaningi asebenza iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ngaphandle kokudinga ukushintshwa kokuvala noma ukulungiswa. Izinzuzo zezomnotho zokuphila okwandisiwe kokusebenza zinkulu, abasebenzi babika ukuncipha kwezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi ezifika ku-30 percent uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo ehlukile ezimweni zesevisi ezifanayo.

Elinye inzuzo ebalulekile yamakhanda ethu okufaka amapayipi ukuthi anamandla okuthwala aphezulu anikezwa ukwakhiwa kwethu okuthuthukile kwezinto zokulengisa, okusabalalisa isisindo sepayipi ngokulinganayo ezindaweni eziningi zokuthintana ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezela kwendawo kanye nokuvimbela ukuguquka kokuxhuma kwepayipi. Lesi sici sokwakhiwa sibaluleke kakhulu emisebenzini yokumba emanzini ajulile nasekumbeni okujulile kakhulu lapho izintambo zamapayipi zingaba nesisindo samathani angamakhulu futhi zibeke imithwalo emikhulu kakhulu kuqoqo lomthombo. Ukulula kokunakekela kuqhubeka kuthuthukiswa ukwakhiwa kwemodyuli yamakhanda ethu okufaka amapayipi, okuvumela izingxenye ezithile ezifana nezivalo, amagaskethi, nezikulufu zokuvala ukuthi zishintshwe ngaphandle kokukhipha lonke iqoqo emthonjeni. Amakhatriji ezivalo ashintshwa ngokushesha avumela abasebenzi basensimini ukuthi benze ukushintshwa kwezivalo ngesikhathi esincane kakhulu kunalokho okudingwa izakhiwo ezijwayelekile, kuncishiswe izindleko zokungenelela emthonjeni kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi esingakhiqizi emisebenzini yokulungisa. Iphakethe eliphelele lamadokhumenti elinikezwa nekhanda ngalinye lokufaka amapayipi lifaka izinqubo ezinemininingwane zokufaka, izicaciso zethoshi, nezinhlelo zokunakekela ezinika abasebenzisi amandla okuphatha imishini yabo ngempumelelo. Ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nohlelo lwethu lokuphatha izinga kanye namakhono ethu okukhiqiza lungatholakala ku-Mayelana Nathi leli khasi, elichaza umlando wenkampani kanye nokuzibophezela kwayo ekwenzeni kahle emkhakheni wemishini kawoyela.

Ukukhetha umlingani ofanele wemishini yomthombo kuyisinqumo esibalulekile esithinta ukuphepha kokusebenza, ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kanye nenzuzo yesikhathi eside emisebenzini kawoyela negesi. I-Jianhu Fulida Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. igqama emakethe yomhlaba wonke yemishini kawoyela ngenxa yokuzinikela kwayo okungantengantengi ekhwalithini, ukuqamba okusha, kanye nokusiza amakhasimende okuye kwakhuliswa emashumini eminyaka okuhlangenwe nakho kokukhiqiza okukhethekile. Uhlu lwemikhiqizo oluphelele lwenkampani luhlanganisa yonke imikhakha yemishini yomthombo, kuhlanganise namakhanda okufaka amapayipi, amakhanda okufaka amapayipi amancane, izihlahla zikaKhisimusi, izivimbeli zokuqhuma, kanye namavalvu ahambisana nawo, okuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi athole izinhlelo eziphelele zomthombo kumhlinzeki oyedwa othembekile. Le ndlela ehlanganisiwe yenza lula ukuhlelwa kokuthenga, iqinisekisa ukuhambisana phakathi kwezingxenye, futhi inikeza indawo eyodwa yokuziphendulela ngokusebenza kwesistimu nokusekelwa kwewaranti. Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela linolwazi olujulile ezimisweni zokuklama umthombo futhi lihlala lihambisana namazinga emboni aguqukayo ngokubamba iqhaza ngamandla emakomitini obuchwepheshe e-API ne-ISO abumba indawo yokulawula. Ukutshalwa kwemali okukhulu kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuthuthukile, kuhlanganise nezinhlelo zokushisela ngomshini kanye neziteshi zokuhlola ezizenzakalelayo, kusivumela ukuthi sigcine ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo engaguquki ngenkathi sandisa ukukhiqiza ukuze sihlangabezane nezinhlelo zeprojekthi ezinzima kanye nezidingo zokulethwa okuphuthumayo.

Ukufakazela kwabathengi kanye nokusebenzisana kwesikhathi eside nezinkampani ezinkulu zikawoyela kanye nezinkampani zikawoyela zikazwelonke emhlabeni wonke kusebenza njengokuqinisekisa okunamandla kwesithembiso senani i-Jianhu Fulida eliyiletha etafuleni. Sizihlukanisa ngokusekelwa kwangemva kokuthengisa okukhethekile okubandakanya usizo lokufaka endaweni, izinhlelo zokuqeqesha abasebenzi basensimini, kanye nokusabela ngokushesha emibuzweni yezobuchwepheshe noma izidingo zokushintshwa okuphuthumayo. Inethiwekhi yethu yezokuthutha yomhlaba wonke iqinisekisa ukulethwa ngesikhathi kunoma iyiphi indawo emhlabeni wonke, ngezinhlelo zokuphatha isitoko ezizinikele ezilandelela ama-oda ngesikhathi sangempela futhi zinikeza abathengi izibuyekezo ezinembile zesimo sokuthunyelwa. Inqubomgomo yentengo esobala yenkampani, kanye nezikhathi zokuhola ezincintisanayo kanye nemigomo yokukhokha eguquguqukayo, yenza imishini yomthombo wekhwalithi ephezulu ifinyeleleke kubasebenzisi bazo zonke izilinganiso, kusukela kubakhiqizi abazimele kuya ezinkampanini zamazwe ngamazwe. Izibuyekezo ezijwayelekile mayelana nentuthuko yenkampani, izinto ezintsha zemikhiqizo, kanye nezindaba zemboni zishicilelwa ku-Izindaba leli khasi, linikeza amakhasimende ukuqonda okubalulekile mayelana nentuthuko yakamuva kubuchwepheshe be-wellhead. Ukukhetha i-Jianhu Fulida kusho ukukhetha umlingani oqonda ubucayi bokuthembeka komthombo futhi ozibophezele ekulethweni kwemikhiqizo esebenza ngokuthembekile ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima kakhulu ezitholakala emisebenzini kawoyela negesi.

Umsebenzisi omkhulu wasolwandle eSouth China Sea wabhekana nokwehluleka okuqhubekayo kokuvala ngamakhanda e-casing akhona endaweni yegesi eshisayo lapho izinga lokushisa phansi komgodi lalingaphezu kuka-180 degrees Celsius futhi i-CO₂ yayifinyelela kuma-8 percent ngevolumu. Umsebenzisi wathinta i-Jianhu Fulida ukuthi yakhe isisombululo sekhanda le-casing elenziwe ngokwezifiso elalingakwazi ukumelana nendawo enobuthi obunamandla kuyilapho ligcina ubuqotho bokuvala phakathi neminyaka eyi-15 ehleliwe yokuphila kwensimu. Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela lenze ucwaningo olujulile ngezimo zokusebenza futhi lancome ikhanda le-casing elakhiwe nge-13CR stainless steel ene-Inconel 625 weld overlay kuzo zonke izindawo zokuvala, kuhlangene nohlelo lokuvala kabili olufaka izinto ze-PTFE ezinikwe amandla kanye namaringi okusekela insimbi-kuya-ensimbi. Amakhanda e-casing enziwe ngokwezifiso enziwa, ahlolwa, futhi alethwa phakathi namaviki angu-12 kusukela kwaodwa, futhi ukufakwa kwaqedwa ngesikhathi sohlelo lokumba oluhleliwe ngaphandle kokubambezeleka. Ngemuva kweminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu yokusebenza okuqhubekayo, amakhanda e-casing afakiwe abonise izehlakalo zokuvuza eziyiziro futhi awadingi ukungenelela kokulungisa, kuyilapho imishini yangaphambili yomsebenzisi yayidinga ukushintshwa kwezivalo njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-18 ngokwesilinganiso. Impumelelo yalo msebenzi yaholela ekutheni amakhanda e-casing e-Jianhu Fulida amukelwe kuyo yonke imigodi yentuthuko eyalandela kule nsimu, kanti umsebenzisi ubika ukwehla okukhulu kwezindleko zokungenelela emgodini kanye nokwenyuka kokusebenza kahle okuphelele.

Enye indaba ekhangayo ibandakanya umqhubi wasezweni eMpumalanga Ephakathi owayemba imithombo eyayihlanekezela kakhulu enezigaba ezinde ezivundlile ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-5,000 kanye nokuhlehla kwemacala okwakufaka imithwalo yokugoba eyedlulele emhlanganisweni womthombo. Umqhubi wayedinga amakhanda okufaka amapayipi ayekwazi ukwamukela izintambo zamapayipi ezinamazinga okugoba afinyelela kuma-degree angu-15 ngamamitha angu-30 ngenkathi egcina ubuqotho obuphelele bengcindezi kanye namandla okuthwala umthwalo. UJianhu Fulida wakha umklamo okhethekile wekhanda lokufaka amapayipi owawunezindonga eziqinisiwe ezinamapuleti engeziwe okusekela kanye nekhatriji yokuvikela evumelana nokungahambisani kwezinga elifinyelela kuma-degree angu-5 ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kokuvala. Umklamo othuthukisiwe waqinisekiswa ngokuhlaziywa okubanzi kwe-finite element kanye nokuhlolwa kwesifanekiso esigcwele esalingisa izimo zomthwalo ezimbi kakhulu ezazilindeleke ngesikhathi sokumba nokusebenza kokukhiqiza. Ukusetshenziswa kwamasimu kwamakhanda okufaka amapayipi akhethekile kwavumela umqhubi ukuthi akwazi ukumba nokuqedela imithombo eyayikade ibhekwa njengengafinyeleleki ngobuchwepheshe, evula izinqolobane ezengeziwe ezibalulekile ezivela echibini. Umqhubi ususebenzisa amakhanda okufaka amapayipi akwaJianhu Fulida kuyo yonke imikhankaso yabo yokumba ezivundlile futhi usethole inkampani ukuthi isebenzisane naye ekuthuthukiseni imishini yomthombo yesizukulwane esilandelayo. Lezi zindaba zempumelelo zigcizelela ukubaluleka kokusebenzisana nomkhiqizi onolwazi lobuchwepheshe kanye nokuguquguquka ukubhekana nezinselelo eziyingqayizivele zokusebenza embonini kawoyela negesi.

Ikhanda le-casing lingaphezu nje kokuxhuma komshini okulula emhlanganisweni we-wellhead; liyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphepha nokusebenza okudinga ukukhethwa ngokucophelela kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo yokusebenza yesikhathi eside. Abasebenzi ababeka phambili ama-casing heads ekhwalithi ephakeme avela kubakhiqizi abathembekile abafana noJianhu Fulida bathola imiphumela ephakeme yobuqotho bemithombo, ngamazinga aphansi okwehluleka, izingozi eziphansi zemvelo, kanye nesikhathi esiphezulu sokuphuma kokukhiqiza uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo abakhetha izindlela ezingabizi kakhulu. Umehluko wokuqala wentengo phakathi kwekhanda le-casing elisezingeni eliphezulu nomkhiqizo ojwayelekile ngokuvamile ubuyiselwa izikhathi eziningi ngokuphindaphindiwe ngokusebenzisa isikhathi eside sokusebenza, izidingo eziphansi zokunakekela, kanye nokugwema ukungenelela okubizayo kwemithombo okungafinyelela ezigidini zamadola ngomcimbi ngamunye. Njengoba imisebenzi kawoyela negesi iqhubeka nokungena ezindaweni eziyinselele kakhulu ezinengcindezi ephezulu, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, nezimo ezibolayo, ukubaluleka kokusebenzisa imishini ye-wellhead eyakhelwe futhi yahlolwa ukuhlangabezana nalezi zidingo ezedlulele kuzokhula kuphela. Izitayela zemboni ezibheke ekwenziweni kwedijithali nasekuqapheni kwesikhathi sangempela nazo ziqhuba ukuqanjwa kabusha komklamo wekhanda le-casing, nezinzwa ezihlakaniphile namakhono okuxhumana aya ngokuya etholakala ukuze ahlanganiswe ezinhlelweni ze-wellhead. Ukubuyekezwa okuphelele kwezicaciso zemishini yakho ye-wellhead kanye nokuhlolwa kwamakhono omhlinzeki wakho wamanje kungaqalwa ngokuvakashela i-Ikhaya leli khasi ukuze ufunde kabanzi ngendlela i-Jianhu Fulida engasekela ngayo izinhloso zakho zokusebenza ngezixazululo ezinokwethenjelwa zama-casing head.

Ukutshala imali kumakhanda e-casing asezingeni eliphezulu ekugcineni kuwukutshala imali ekusebenzeni kahle, ekuphathweni kwemvelo, kanye nenzuzo yesikhathi eside kunoma yiluphi inhlangano esebenza ekuhloleni nasekukhiqizeni uwoyela negesi. Isinqumo sokusebenzisana nomkhiqizi ohlanganisa amakhono obunjiniyela athuthukile, ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile, kanye nesevisi yamakhasimende esabelayo kwakha isisekelo sempumelelo esikhula kulo lonke umjikelezo womthombo. I-Jianhu Fulida Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. imema abasebenzi, osonkontileka bokumba, kanye nezinkampani zobunjiniyela ukuthi bahlole uhla lwethu oluphelele lwamakhanda e-casing kanye nemishini yomthombo eklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezicaciso ezinzima kakhulu embonini. Ithimba lethu lonjiniyela abanolwazi lokusebenza liyatholakala ukuhlinzeka ngokubonisana kwezobuchwepheshe, ukubuyekeza izidingo zephrojekthi, kanye nokuthuthukisa izixazululo ezenzelwe izinkinga ezithile zokusebenza kanye nokucatshangelwa kwesabelomali. Izinzuzo ezibonakalayo ezitholwa amakhasimende ethu emhlabeni wonke zibonisa ukuthi ukukhetha okufanele kwekhanda le-casing kwenza umehluko olinganisekayo emiphumeleni yokusebenza kanye nemiphumela yenzuzo. Xhumana ne-Jianhu Fulida namuhla ukuze uthole ukuthi amakhanda ethu e-casing angathuthukisa kanjani ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle, kanye nenzuzo yemisebenzi yakho kawoyela negesi eminyakeni ezayo.